ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN METHODS OF STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF THE DAMAGE TO THE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Abstract

In the current trends, the necessity of studying the load-carrying capacity of the reinforced concrete elements with various types of damage is increasingly necessary. This is relevant when there is a need to reequip the existing buildings and structures; there is a reconstruction of the damaged construction objects, where various negative factors took place; if the calculated load on the construction was exceeded; the impact of an aggressive environment or natural phenomena: landslides, mudslides, earthquakes, and others. The urgency of this question leads to the formation of methods for studying certain damage and deformation, which in most cases simulate the main defects or their combinations. A striking example is the combination of a defect with a displacement of reinforcement in the manufacture of reinforced concrete constructions with the damaged concrete, which leads to a change in the work of the element from a pure bending to bending with torsion. This problem requires an analysis of existing research methods of the damaged reinforced concrete elements, and their further development. The article deals with the main methods of studying the impact of damage on the load-carrying capacity of the flexural reinforced concrete elements and analyzes their expediency for further use under the action of the load. The general data on the research of reinforced concrete T-girders with the damage to the shelf and the appearance of skew bending due to poorly constructed structures is provided. Since certain methods have different algorithms for data analysis, the most common and topical research methods are examined in this article: vibration diagnostics; comparison of dynamic characteristics of the reference structure with the corresponding dynamic characteristics of the model with the defect and localization of the defects; the diagnostic method is based on real-time monitoring of the change of the element’s work based on the impedance using PZT (Lead-Zirconium-Titanate) for the reinforced concrete structures. Simulation of the obtained results using the automated settlement systems only partly solves the problem. On the basis of the analyzed data, conclusions were made on the methods of research of the reinforced concrete beams with damages and an outline of the direction of further research was provided.