WORK OF HEAVY CONCRETE UNDER THE ACTION OF DYNAMIC LOADS IN BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

Abstract

Concrete is one of the main building materials in the world, from which a large number of buildings and engineering structures are built. Heavy concrete is mainly used in constructions of buildings and structures that are subject to static and dynamic loads. Dynamic load is caused by the operation of machines and equipment with unbalanced masses, vehicles, explosions and impacts, wind gusts, sea waves, seismic and other influences. In building structures under the influence of dynamic loads there are vibrations, movements and deformations, forces and stresses. An analysis of the results of scientific research on dynamic loads, their characteristics and their impact on the structures of buildings and bridge structures is presented. Theoretically and experimentally confirmed dependences for determination of strength and deformation characteristics of high-strength concretes under dynamic influences are proposed. That allows to determine the characteristics of high-strength concrete under different types of stress-strain state. The possibility of determining the deformation characteristics of concretes depending on the compressive strength and the coefficient of dynamic strengthening is proved, which allows to simplify engineering calculations for dynamic loads. The newly derived expressions for determination of dynamic strengthening coefficient and ultimate deformations under dynamic actions are theoretically substantiated and obtained. The proposed expressions reveal wide possibilities for generalization and analysis of experimental data under the action of dynamic influences. Experimental verification of the obtained expressions, which showed sufficient accuracy for engineering calculations. The possibility of obtaining reliable data on a simple coprop equipment in the laboratory is substantiated.