REMOVING THE BUILDING FROM AN EMERGENCY STATE WITH ELIMINATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF FOUNDATION SETTLEMENT

Abstract

This article is devoted to the problems of the state of existing buildings and structures built 70-80 years ago, which have been in operation for about 50-60 years and are subject to immediate technical inspection. The most essential factor for the safe operation of such buildings is the construction quality factor, since in the specified time period the construction was carried out with many shortcomings that are manifested in the present time.

A particularly important problem today is the condition of the existing foundations and load-bearing brick walls, which are often in a state of emergency and can threaten people's lives and health. In order to prevent such emergency situations, it is necessary to regularly conduct planned inspections of the load-bearing structures of these buildings and structures, and then develop design solutions for the reconstruction and strengthening of damaged building structures.

A review of literary sources on surveying and reconstruction of existing buildings and structures was carried out. A real example of such a problem was considered in an existing building with brick load-bearing walls, where construction defects manifested themselves, namely, improper arrangement of foundation structures.

The structural scheme of the building with load-bearing longitudinal and transverse walls is described, as well as the materials of the structures are indicated. A list of building defects with attached diagrams is indicated.

On the basis of the technical inspection of building structures, it was concluded that the reason for the formation of through cracks in the load-bearing walls is the subsidence of the foundations, which caused the emergency condition of the building in question. Therefore, in order to remove the building from the emergency state, it is necessary to strengthen the load-bearing building structures. The publication details the strengthening of precast concrete strip foundations with an increase in the width of their sole. Schemes and sweeps with elements of strengthening load-bearing brick walls with metal structures are also presented. The adopted decisions made it possible to remove the building from an emergency state and extend the service life of this building.