STRESS-STRAIN STATESTUDY ON CELLULAR STEEL BEAMS WITH AND WITHOUT STIFFENERSALONG THE OPENING EDGEBY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

Abstract

In this article the results of studies of the stress-strain state in the areas of circular openings of cellular steel beams are considered. An overview of the types and features of cellular beams is given. Their advantages and disadvantages are given. It is noted that in cellular beams the most dangerous in terms of strength of their load-bearing capacity is the section weakened by perforation. Methods for estimating the stress-strain state of cellular beams in the areas of circular openings, in particular the finite element method are considered. Modeling of cellular beams with circular openings is carried out. The stress distribution in the perforation zone of the beam with circular openings was obtained by the finite element method. The stress distribution in the perforation zone of the beam with circular openings is obtained by the finite element method. Its features are analyzed. Methods of stiffening of circular openings of a cellular beam are considered. For the proposed cellular beam model, it is proposed to stiffen circular openings with tubular elements that are welded along the contour of the circles. The expediency of usage of this stiffening method for circular openings has been demonstrated. It is established that when the beams are loaded with concentrated force in the middle of the span, the maximum normal stresses near the central circular openings are reduced by more than 40%. The maximum normal stresses in the beam flanges and its deflections are also reduced. A preliminary estimate of the degree of increase in the bearing capacity of the beam with stiffened circular openings is obtained.