FEATURES OF THE EVOLUTION OF LOAD REGULATION ON THE BUILDING STRUCTURES

Abstract

Engineers always face the question of how the builders of the past ensured the reliability of buildings that have been safely preserved to this day. At the same time, the issues of substantiation of some calculation parameters remain unclear. These and other questions are answered by the study of the development of domestic and foreign design codes, the relevance of which is not only related to the fact that history provides factual knowledge about past construction experience, but to a certain extent allows predicting trends in the development of construction codes. It can be assumed that the long-term positive potential of the allowable stress method, was generally overlooked. The content of the article is a consistent review of approaches to considering loads on building structures and their reflection in regulatory documents of different years. Attention is focused on the continuity of the method of limit states and the method of permissible stresses in the part of the description of loads. With regard to climatic loads (snow, wind), attention is paid to changes in territorial zoning and calculation coefficients, the assignment of normative and calculation values and the involvement of experimental statistical data. Attention is also paid to the connection between the development of codes of crane loads and the results of experimental studies of these loads.